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- Contributor(s)
- Margaret E Bowles
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- The Principles of Fundamental Justice ascribed under section 7 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms are a commonly misunderstood and an ambiguous area of Canadian law. Within the Canadian context, the Supreme Court’s interpretations of these principles give them incredible weight and significance, while giving little definition or explanation. Drawing on case law from the Supreme Court of Canada, this thesis examines the Supreme Court’s interpretation of substantive principles of fundamental justice for the purpose of evaluating their importance and use within Canadian law. The Court is reluctant to provide precise definitions of these principles for the purpose of increased interpretive...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Philip Anderson; Austin Zabel; Brendan Maddin; Melissa McCrady; Kevin Hayes
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- In the 1880s, Butte, Montana was home to one of the richest mineral deposits in the world. Today, the region is home of two of the most toxic superfunds sites in America, the Anaconda Smelter Site and the Berkeley Pit. In an effort to describe past and present air pollutant emissions in the Butte area we employed biomonitoring and dendrochronological techniques. Pine needle, bark, and core samples were collected from trees adjacent to the superfund sites. These samples were digested and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). The goal of this analysis is to quantitatively determine the levels of heavy metals over the last century and if this data can be...
- Type
- picture
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Mneet Kaur Sidhu
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- This study explores the evolution of the Supreme Court of Canada’s (SCC’s) interpretation of s. 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Considering that s. 7 of the Charter is one of the most expansive and influential portions of the purposive document, understanding the ways in which the interpretation of the section has changed throughout time, is quite valuable. The fact that even the supreme law of Canada can be understood and applied differently over time, is vital to understand. It then becomes possible to theorize and comprehend how interpretations may change in the future for s. 7, and for other portions of the Charter as well. The study begins by examining first, the...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Lucas Sumera
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- Viewed through the theoretical lens of securitization theory & moral regulation, this thesis examines deportation and detainment in Canada across CBSA jurisdictional regions. Furthermore, this thesis attempted to explain how deportation and detainment trends changed since 2005, and what may be possible causes. Being a descriptive analysis study, this thesis utilizes a documentary research methodology to gather data, while using current literature to explain border security and deportation in Canada—bolstering results from the analysis on deportation and detainment statistics. The findings from the results ultimately provide new insight for CBSA, as well as for future research into the...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Taryn Hamilton
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- In response to the vast overrepresentation of Indigenous peoples in Canadian corrections, the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) developed initiatives that are intended to provide Indigenous offenders with culturally appropriate services to address their unique needs and reduce the number of Indigenous offenders in corrections. There is strong statistical evidence that validate the notion that culturally specific healing programs can improve the recidivism rates of Indigenous offenders post-release. In turn, this suggests that Indigenous spiritual healing has the capacity to address risk factors and prevent high recidivism rates (Milward, 2011, p. 47). However, healing lodges lack the...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Spencer Millis
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- In Canada, the sale of sex for money was not illegal under the former legislative structure. Regardless, the laws making up that structure were challenged for constitutionality in two cases and were heard by the Supreme Court of Canada. Two vastly different decisions were delivered in the 1990 Prostitution Reference and Bedford decisions, with the latter case repealing the old sex work laws. The Canadian government drafted new laws in response to the repealed laws. Evidence suggests that the new model of sex work regulation is harmful and does little to address the constitutional defects identified in the Bedford decision. This legislative approach comes from the adoption of perspectives...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Samantha Barlage
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- Intimate partner violence (IPV) occurs frequently in Canada, with 35 percent of all women experiencing IPV at some point in their lifetime. Through the consideration of historical social and legal factors, a background for the prevalence of IPV in Canadian society is established. An examination of the current state based on statistics and research is also considered. An analysis on the responses of the Federal Government and some provincial provisions is also conducted. The resulting suggestions concern government spending, educational provisions, and law enforcement practices.
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Daryna Byelikova
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- This thesis evaluates the legal concept of mens rea to better understand its meaning and significance in criminal law. Included in this thesis is the examination of the evolution of criminal law from Roman law to today's Canadian criminal law, through the lens of the foundational principle of mens rea, through its application in numerous Supreme Court of Canada cases, has either reinforced the interpretation of laws or set out a new framework on how the law should be interpreted. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how mens rea guided criminal law by emphasizing the purpose of the justice system, the purpose and significance of the mental element within an offence; how the law is...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Colm McCabe
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- Analyzed through the lens of social-bond theory, this thesis examines the relationship between sports participation and delinquency among adolescents. The purpose of this thesis is to better understand whether sports can serve as an effective intervention strategy for policy makers, government agencies and criminal justice branches that deal directly with at risk-youth or offenders who can benefit from sports-related programs. Through the use of a meta-analysis methodological design, the findings uncovered through common literature will reflect the extent to which social-bond theory can sufficiently explain delinquency among athletes. Traditionally, sports-participation and physical...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Undergraduate Students from the Faculty of Science and Technology
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- Program and abstracts from the Faculty of Science and Technology 6th Annual Research Day (2019). The research presented here encompasses both independent research projects and research in the classroom. In this volume you will find 82 abstracts authored by MRU students covering with a variety of disciplines including Biology, Chemistry, Geology, Geography, Environmental Sciences, Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science. This compilation is a testimony to our students’ hard work, and their professors’ diligent guidance.
- Type
- article
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Cameron Mitchell
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- Throughout the 1919 Winnipeg General Strike, ‘constituted authority’ served as a rhetorical banner under which the interests of the state and capital overlapped. Throughout the six-week walkout, representatives of all three levels of the state and members of the shadowy Citizens’ Committee of 1,000 repeatedly returned to the language of ‘constituted authority’ in order to illustrate what was threatened by the strikers. Tapping into post-war fears of ‘enemy aliens,’ Bolsheviks, and Soviet revolution, the Winnipeg Citizen, capital’s mouthpiece during the strike, was adept at conflating the goals of the strikers with those of an attempted revolution. Even when the Western Labour News, the...
- Type
- article
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Julia Phillips; Jaime Bellows
- Date issued
- 2019
- Description
- There is a great deal of research pertaining to the standards and regulations required to create “accessible” spaces. However, by only following minimum recommendations and guidelines, facilities are falling short of meeting and exceeding all people’s accessibility needs. Introduced in 1988, The City of Calgary mandates measures that follow established Access Design Standards (ADS), which exceed Alberta Building Code requirements. While these standards are required in all new City of Calgary buildings and renovation projects, they are not required to integrate the standards into existing infrastructure. Research indicates that the built environment directly reflects society's...
- Type
- picture
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Undergraduate Students from the Faculty of Science and Technology
- Date issued
- 2018
- Description
- Program and abstracts from the Faculty of Science and Technology 5th Annual Research Day (2018). The research presented here encompasses both independent research projects and research in the classroom. In this volume you will find 87 abstracts authored by MRU students covering with a variety of disciplines including Biology, Chemistry, Geology, Geography, Environmental Sciences, Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science. This compilation is a testimony to our students’ hard work, and their professors’ diligent guidance.
- Type
- article
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Taylore Saban
- Date issued
- 2018
- Description
- Since the beginning, policing has been a male-dominated para-military profession. Through the increasing participation of women in the workforce, policing has and continues to grow as a diverse organization. This research is focused on the position of women in the police hierarchy in relation to their positive and negative experiences. Using only secondary data, this study builds onto existing information concerning female officers within the Calgary Police Service. Additionally, this thesis demonstrates the theoretical context of the glass ceiling and functionalist theories in the examination of female participation in the police promotional process.
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Kenneth Reilly
- Date issued
- 2017
- Description
- In the fall and winter of 1908, the Canadian Government developed the British Honduras Scheme, a plan to transport all South Asian immigrants from British Columbia to British Honduras. To justify this relocation, the Canadian Government argued that British Honduras needed cheap labour to maintain sugar plantations, railroads and that these immigrants could not survive in Canada because they faced unemployment, starvation, and they were not suited for harsh winters. This attempt was well received by many white Canadians of British descent. Many agreed that this transportation would benefit the South Asian community and white Canadians. Analyzing this scheme in the context of the way...
- Type
- article
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Ritika Nanda
- Date issued
- 2017
- Description
- The term ‘rape culture’ was coined in the 1970s by American feminists, to describe a culture of intimidation whereby male aggression toward women is both normalized and encouraged (Buchwald, Fletcher, & Roth, 1993). This honours project explores rape culture transmitted via an online medium at a Canadian university campus. Despite over 40 years of addressing sexual assault in Canada, research continues to show that approximately 20%-28.5% of Canadian undergraduate females are sexually assaulted during their four-year degree (Krebs, Lindquist, Warner, Fisher & Martin, 2009, p.643; Newton-Taylor, DeWit, & Gliksman, 1998, p. 156; Suran, 2014, p. 274). This is especially concerning since, in...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Camille Cunningham
- Date issued
- 2017
- Description
- Using a comparison case study method, the goal of this undergraduate honours project was to compile a resource inventory of the community based services for victims of family violence specific to a Southern Alberta rural town to those in an urban area. This topic is important to examine because rates of family violence are higher among rural populations than in urban areas (Statistics Canada, 2016, p. 43; Northcott, 2011, p. 10). Due to the unique nature of family violence criminality and victimization, victims require additional supports beyond those provided by the criminal justice system. Community based agencies offer various resources that may be used in helping individuals cope with...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Allison Bailey
- Date issued
- 2016
- Description
- Violence is, and was, a destructive interpersonal act that occurs both on the large scale through wars, and small scale between two or several people. In medieval France, under the right circumstances, violence was simultaneously policed, and used to police society, especially at the interpersonal level. Men, women, the young, and old were all victims and perpetrators of violence. However, gender and age were significant factors in the legitimization of violence. Men would engage in interpersonal disputes in self-defense, to maintain their honour and reputation, as well as to maintain social order. Women were more likely to be the victims of sexual assault perpetrated by men, but the...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Angela Laughton
- Date issued
- 2016
- Description
- The Phillips seduction case, tried in a Lethbridge, Alberta court in 1922, reveals that the extent to which the law of seduction empowered women to pursue justice in cases of sexual assault was limited by the ways in which patriarchal society regulated women’s sexuality. May Phillips was a white, American-immigrant teenager living with her family in the Wrentham sectional house in 1922. She was repeatedly assaulted by John Johnson, the forty-year-old section foreman. In court, both crown and defense characterized Phillips and Johnson in ways that reflect patterns present in other seduction cases. The degree to which May Phillips and John Johnson fit social expectations of, respectively,...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research
- Contributor(s)
- Morgan Huber
- Date issued
- 2015
- Description
- The focus of this Honours thesis revolves around the over-representation of Canada’s Aboriginal population in the criminal justice system compared with the rest of the population. This Honours thesis will examine some attempts to deal with this over-representation undertaken by Corrections Services Canada, in particular, the Community Holistic Circle Healing (CHCH) program at Hollow Water, Manitoba. In addition to addressing some of the causes of violent and non-violent criminal behaviour among the population of Hollow Water, this Honours thesis will include an explanatory case study of the program implemented at Hollow Water from 1984 to the present in an effort to address crime. The...
- Type
- thesis
- Appears in collection(s)
- Undergraduate Student Research