Sexually exploited youth in care: an integrative literature review of treatment models and policies in Alberta

This comprehensive integrative literature review examines sexually exploited youth in group care from a Canadian perspective. The focus was on treatment models and intervention programming available in Canada for sexually exploited youth, youth at risk of sexual exploitation in group care, sexual exploitation, and the risk factors associated with sexual exploitation. Youth are at an increased risk of sexual exploitation due to normative developmental changes and vulnerabilities and those who prey on those vulnerabilities. Moreover, youth in group care are a specifically vulnerable population because they are often unhoused, without persistent or positive caregivers, and under trauma and stress. Risk factors highlight that those most vulnerable are girls, Indigenous youth, runaway youth from care, and 2SLGBTIQ+ youth. This literature review discovered that trauma informed care (TIC) is at the heart of most successful treatment models, and intervention and prevention programs, including trauma crisis intervention (TCI). The literature highlighted the lack of understanding about youth in group care and the need for ongoing research to inform policymakers. By synthesising existing literature, policies, and programs, this review aimed to promote the safety, well-being, and empowerment of youth within group care.